ラジオ英会話 2020年6月 前半

Lesson41：「積み重ねのフロー①　too, as well, also」

- Key Sentence -
・I lost 10 kilograms using this new diet. You too can transform your body.
・My boyfriend is great! His house is always clean, and he knows how to cook too!
・You're going to order the veggie burger? I think I'll go for that as well.
・Sharon is highly qualified. Also, she has excellent communication skills.

＊「too」=「私は → あなたも」という積み重ねるフロー．
＊「too, as well」はよく使う．文末におく．
＊「also」は，文頭における

- GRAMMAR IN ACTION -
1）彼女がいくつかチョコをもらえるなら、私もいくつか欲しいよ!
2）私は英語でAを取ったけど、フランス語でもAを取ったよ。
3）彼らは研究開発にたくさん投資しています。私たちもそうすべきですよ。

1）If she gets some chocolates, I want some too!
2）I got a grade A for English and for French as well.
3）They're investing a lot in R&D. We also should do that.
＊R&D = research and development

Lesson42：「積み重ねのフロー②　in addition, moreover, furthermore」

- Key Sentence -
・This job requires five years' experience. In addition, you need to have a clean driving license.
・You can use this card for public transport. Additionally, you can use it for shopping.
・This coat has poor stitch quality. Moreover, it doesn't suit you at all.
・This coat has poor stitch quality. Furthermore, the leather is stained in places.

＊「in addition」= 特殊なニュアンスのない平たい表現．
＊「additionally」= 便利に使うことができる単語
＊「moreover, furthermore」= さらに重要な話が積み上がる感触．固い．使いかたは「ワンツーパンチ」。最初にコツンと軽いパンチを当てておいて、moreover, further more のあとに強いパンチを当てる要領．
＊「furthermore」= パンチが強い．同じ路線の内容を積み上げている感じ．
＊「additionally」= 別の内容を積み上げてもいい

-Grammar In Action -
1）私たちはプロジェクターと大きなスクリーンが必要です。加えてワイヤレスマイクも2つ必要ですよ。
2）このチケットは100ドルかかります。加えて10ドルのテーブルチャージがあります。

1）We need a projector and a large screen. In addition, we need two wireless microphones.
2）The tickets cost 100 dollars. Additionally, there's a 10-dollar table charge.

Lesson43：「積み重ねのフロー③　what's more, on top of that, besides」

- Key Sentence -
・He is kind and handsome. And what's more, he enjoys the same sports as I do.
・My new job is interesting and stimulating. What's more, the salary is much higher!
・His wallet was stolen, and he caught the stomach flu. On top of that, he missed his flight home!
・I don't want to go hiking. It's boring. Besides, heavy rain is forecast.

＊「what's more」= 躍動感のある､口語的な言い方．いくつかの論点を示した後､最後にとどめの一撃をポンと加える勢いで使われる．
＊「on top of that」= 勢いがある感じ
＊「besides」= それまでの論点と角度の違った､しばしば以外な理由を加えるときに使う．

-Grammar In Action -
1）新しい人たちに会えて､食べ物も美味しいんだよ。それにね､タダなんだ!
2）彼は魅力的だしハンサム。その上､お金持ちなの!

1）We'll meet lots of new people, and there'll be great food. And what's more, it's free!
2）He's charming and handsome. And on top of that, he's rich!

Lesson44：「除外のフロー①　except, except for」

- Key Sentence -
・We are open every day except Mondays.
・My brothers are similar to me, except that I like traveling to foreign countries.
・We made no stops except to go to the restroom.
・Except for one small glitch, the workshop went very smoothly.

＊「除外のフロー」で最も基本的なのは except.
＊「except」は 節 や to不定詞 などを従えれる
＊「except for」= 除外対象にスポットライトを当て際立たせる意識．

- Grammar In Action -
1）私は数学以外，全ての科目が好きです。
2）彼は完璧なの。すでに結婚していることを除いてはね！

1）I like every subject except math.
2）He's perfect except that he's already married!

Lesson46：「除外のフロー②　話の本筋からの除外」
- Key Sentence -
・Apart from that, what else do you know about her?
・Aside from my British passport, I also have an Australian one.
・Putting aside all our differences, let's try to find a solution to this problem.
＊「除外のフロー」には，話題からの除外も含まれる．
＊「apart from」= 話の流れから対象を除外する．（apart = 離れて）
＊「aside from」= わき（side）に置いておく
＊「Putting aside」= ～はさておき

- Grammar In Action -
1）経済を除いて，ほかにどんなトピックが議論されるのですか？
2）私はあそこの男の人を別にすれば、ここにいる全ての人を知っています。
3）あなたの個人的な感情はさておき、誰が昇進されるべきだと思いますか。

1）Aside from the economy, what other topics will be discussed?
2）I know everyone here apart from that guy over there.
3）Putting aside your personal feelings, who do you think should get promoted?

Lesson47：「例示のフロー①　for example」
- Key Sentence -
・I speak many languages, for example, French and Spanish.
・We could take the day off and go to Hakone, for example.
・Pulses, e.g., lentils and soybeans, are excellent for your body.
・There are lots of women who have made it to the top. Take Margaret Thatcher, for example.
＊「話に豊かさと説得力」をもたらす簡単な方法 =「例を挙げる」
＊「for example」= 最も基本的．文末にも置ける．（ex.）
＊「e.g.」= 書き言葉の方が割合的に多く使われる．ラテン語の「exempli gratia」の略
＊「i.e.」= 補足情報・何かをさらに説明．ラテン語「id est（英：that is）」の略。

- Grammar In Action -
1）私たちは､オーストラリア､チリ､南アフリカなど､多くの国々から取り寄せたワインを売っています。
2）ポルトガル語はアフリカの数カ国で話されています。アンゴラを例に取ってみましょう。

1）We sell wines from many countries, e.g., Australia, Chile and South Africa.
2）Portuguese is spoken in several countries in Africa. Take Angora, for example.


Lesson48：「例示のフロー②　多彩な表現:形容詞 + example」
- Key Sentence -
・Othello is a classic example of a tragic hero.
・Several factors contribute to global warming. Burning fossil fuels is an obvious example.
・Rajio-Eikaiwa, for instance, is on every morning from 6:45.
・We witnessed numerous cases of extreme malnutrition.
・The VAR system isn't working. The chaos it caused at today's match is a case in point.
＊「example」に形容詞を加えれる → 詳しい例
＊「classic example」= 典型例
＊「for instance」= 使用度は低め
＊「case」= ある特定の状況・事例が思い浮かぶ．
＊「a case in point」= 代表例，良い例

- Grammar In Action -
1）この教会は，彼の建築スタイルの最も際立った例です。
2）多くの著名人は，生まれが貧しかった。例えばチャーリー・チャップリン。
3）多くの億万長者は，何も持たずに始めました。ギル・ベイツが好例です。

1）This church is the most striking example of his architectural style.
2）Many celebrities were born poor. Charlie Chaplin, for instance.
3）Many billionaires started with nothing. Gill Bates is a case in point.

＊「born」= 生まれながらにして～



Lesson49：「例示のフロー③　ピックアップ」
- Key Sentence -
・Drinks such as coffee, tea, and fruit juice are complimentary.
・We import many products such as clothes and accessories.
・The report covers a number of areas, particularly funding and advertising.
・I love the impressionist artists - Monet, Degas and Renoir, to name but a few.

＊「such as」= いくつかをピックアップする感覚
＊「particularly」= 最も代表的な、最も重要な例を取り上げようという気持ち
＊「to name but a few」= 多数のものから少しだけピックアップ

- Grammar In Action -
1）ほうれん草やにんじんなどの野菜は，栄養が豊富です。
2）私は特に，東南アジアにおける言語学習の動向を研究しますよ。

1）Vegetables such as spinach and carrots are rich in nutrition.
2）I will research language-learning trends, particularly in Southeast Asia.

- Words＆Expression -

「We're back with（～を用意してきた）」
A）Welcome to the Home Shopping Channel. We're back with another fabulous product. Tanya is here to talk about it.
B）Thanks, Bill. I'm really excited about the Rajiei Shake Diet.
A）What's different about this diet, Tanya?（特徴）

「dump（不要なものを捨てる）」
A）So, it's good that you dumped Jordan.
B）Yeah, he was always checking out cute girls when I was with him.

「competitive（負けず嫌い）」
A）He's not that good. I almost always beat him.
B）Maybe he lets you win to be kind.
A）No way! He's very competitive.
B）Just like you!

「You've got to（ぜひ～しなくては!）」
A）Well, she's a great cheerleader.
B）Really?
A）Yes. She senses the music through vibrations. She has great dance skills, and she helps everyone with their moves.
B）You've got to introduce me to her!